Battle of New Orleans British order of battle facts for kids
Quick facts for kids British Forces, North America |
|
|---|---|
| Active | 1814–1815 |
| Country |  United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland |
| Allegiance |  George III |
| Branch | British army |
| Type | Army |
| Size | 5,933 effectives out of a headcount of 6,660 soldiers (25 December 1814) 8,000 participants on 8 January 1815 6,334 effectives (25 January 1815) |
| Engagements | Battle of New Orleans |
| Commanders | |
| Commander-in-chief (23 December 1814 – 24 December 1814) |
Major General John Keane |
| Commander-in-chief (25 December 1814 – 8 January 1815) |
Major General Edward Pakenham |
| Commander-in-chief (8 January 1815 - 13 February 1815 ) |
Major General John Lambert |
The following units of the British Armed Forces participated in the Battle of New Orleans on 8 January 1815. The American order of battle is shown separately.
Contents
British order of battle
The Death of Pakenham at the Battle of New Orleans by F. O. C. Darley shows the death of British Maj. Gen. Sir Edward Pakenham on 8 January 1815. This romanticised portrayal, dating from 1860, has British soldiers wearing Bearskin caps, a headdress not worn since the American Revolutionary War
British Army
General Staff
- Commander-in-Chief: Major General the honourable Sir Edward Pakenham - killed 8 January 1815
- Deputy Commander-in-Chief: Major General Samuel Gibbs - died of wounds
- Military Secretary: Major Harry Smith
- Deputy Adjutant General: Lieutenant Colonel Frederick Stovin - wounded 24 December 1814
- Deputy Assistant Adjutant General: Brevet Major Henry Hooper - wounded 24 December 1814
- Acting Deputy Adjutant General: Captain Sir John Maxwell Tylden
- Acting Deputy Assistant Adjutant General: Captain Wood
- Senior Officer, Royal Artillery: Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Dickson
- Senior Officer, Royal Engineers: Lieutenant Colonel John Fox Burgoyne
- Senior Officer, Royal Staff Corps: Major Todd.
- Major of Brigade: Captain Henry Thomas Shaw (4th Foot) - wounded 8 January 1815
- Major of Brigade: Captain Thomas Wilkinson (85th Foot)- killed 8 January 1815
- Quarter Master General: Lieutenant Colonel John Bell
- Assistant Quarter Master General: Major Charles Ramus Forrest
- Deputy Assistant Quarter Master General: Lieutenant George de Lacy Evans - wounded on 24 December 1814 and 8 January 1815
- Deputy Assistant Quarter Master General: Lieutenant John Peddie.
- Naval aide de camp: Lieutenant (RN) The Honourable Edward Curzon
- Deputy Inspector of hospitals: Dr John Robb
Infantry Brigades
| Brigade | Unit | Comments |
|---|---|---|
|
1st Brigade, Major General John Keane - wounded 8 January 1815 |
* 1st Battalion, 93rd Regiment of Foot | 907 men as at 25 November 1814. Effective strength of 850 out of a headcount of 862 as at 25 December. Casualties 23 to 31 December: 2 killed, 6 wounded. Casualties 1 to 5 January: 9 killed; 11 wounded. Casualties 8 January: 63 killed; 101 wounded. Effective strength of 331 out of a headcount of 673 as at 25 January 1815, 78 deaths since the prior monthly return. |
| * 1 battalion of the 1st West India Regiment. | Effective strength of 755 out of a headcount of 809 as at 25 December. Casualties 25 to 31 December: 1 killed. Casualties 8 January: 5 killed; 23 wounded; 1 missing. Morrell estimated a strength of 700 men. Effective strength of 675 out of a headcount of 787 as at 25 January 1815, 22 deaths since the prior month. | |
| * 1 battalion of the 5th West India Regiment. | 643 men as at 25 November 1814. Effective strength of 570 out of a headcount of 585 as at 25 December. Casualties 25 to 31 December: 1 killed, 2 wounded. Casualties 25 to 31 December: 4 killed, 2 wounded. Casualties 8 January: 1 wounded. Effective strength of 439 out of a headcount of 569 as at 25 January 1815, 19 deaths since the prior month. | |
|
2nd Brigade, Colonel Arthur Brooke |
* 1 battalion of the 4th Regiment of Foot. | 893 men as at 25 November 1814. Effective strength of 802 out of a headcount of 916 as at 25 December. Casualties 23 to 24 December: 5 killed; 15 wounded. Casualties 25 to 31 December: 4 wounded. Casualties 8 January: 42 killed; 254 wounded; 55 missing. Effective strength of 512 out of a headcount of 793 as at 25 January 1815, 56 deaths since the prior monthly return. |
| * 1 battalion of the 44th Regiment of Foot. | 647 men as at 25 November 1814. Effective strength of 552 out of a headcount of 692 as at 25 December. Casualties 25 to 31 December: 2 wounded; 1 missing. Casualties 1 to 5 January: 2 killed; 3 wounded. Casualties 8 January: 35 killed; 163 wounded; 80 missing. Effective strength of 286 out of a headcount of 565 as at 25 January 1815, 46 deaths since the prior month. | |
| * 1 battalion of the 21st Regiment of Foot | 995 men as at 25 November 1814. Effective strength of 873 out of a headcount of 1010 as at 25 December. Casualties 23 to 24 December: 3 killed; 11 wounded; 8 missing. Casualties 25 to 31 December: 1 killed, 1 wounded. Casualties 1 to 5 January: 1 killed; 5 wounded. Casualties 8 January: 70 killed; 155 wounded; 236 missing. Effective strength of 482 out of a headcount of 709 as at 25 January 1815, 75 deaths since the prior month. | |
| * 12 man detachment of the 1st battalion of the 62nd Regiment of Foot | Effective strength of 12 out of a headcount of 12 as at 25 December. Effective strength of 12 out of a headcount of 12 as at 25 January 1815. | |
|
Advance Brigade, Colonel William Thornton - wounded 'severely (not dangerously)' |
* 1 battalion of the 85th Regiment of Foot who participated in the attack on the west bank of the Mississippi. | 456 men as at 25 November 1814. Effective strength of 345 out of a headcount of 471 as at 25 December. Casualties 23 to 24 December: 13 killed; 69 wounded; 19 missing. Casualties 25 to 31 December: 4 killed; 13 wounded. Casualties 1 to 5 January: 2 killed; 6 wounded. Casualties 8 January: 2 killed; 41 wounded; 1 missing. Casualties 9 to 26 January: 1 wounded. Effective strength of 265 out of a headcount of 430 as at 25 January 1815, 25 deaths since the prior monthly return. |
| * 5 companies of the 3rd battalion from 95th Regiment of Foot. | They disembarked at Bayou Catalan on 22 December 1814, having departed Plymouth, Devon on 18 September 1814. Effective strength of 317 out of a headcount of 395 as at 25 December. Casualties 23 to 24 December: 23 killed; 62 wounded; 42 missing. Casualties 1 to 5 January: 1 killed. Casualties 8 January: 11 killed; 101 wounded. Effective strength of 200 out of a headcount of 345 as at 25 January 1815, 32 deaths since the prior monthly return. | |
| Sailors and Marines | See further down | |
|
Reinforcements from Europe - Both battalions commanded by Major General John Lambert |
* 1 battalion of the 7th Regiment of Foot. | Effective strength of 887 out of a headcount of 887 whilst at sea as at 25 October 1814. 800 men as at 5 January 1815. Casualties 8 January: 49 killed; 53 wounded. Effective strength of 681 out of a headcount of 812 as at 25 January 1815, 58 deaths since the prior month. |
| * 1 battalion of the 43rd Regiment of Foot | Effective strength of 991 out of a headcount of 991 whilst at sea as at 25 October 1814. 900 men as at 5 January 1815. Casualties 8 January: 11 killed; 163 wounded; 44 missing. Casualties 9 to 26 January: 1 killed; 5 wounded. Effective strength of 785 out of a headcount of 907 as at 25 January 1815, 13 deaths since the prior month. | |
| * Dismounted troopers of the 14th Light Dragoons. | 160 men as at 25 November 1814. Soon joined by a second squadron, the unit having a strength of 295 as at 8 January 1815. Effective strength of 261 out of a headcount of 277 as at 25 January 1815. No casualties during battle, but 2 officers and 37 troopers in a boat were captured on 25 January 1815. Effective strength of 214 out of a headcount of 275 as at 25 February 1815. |
Artillery and supporting elements
| Service | Composition | Comments |
|---|---|---|
|
Three companies of Royal Artillery each commanded by Captain John Michell, Captain Lewis Carmichael and Captain Adam Crawford, redeployed from the Chesapeake (320 men). Now joined by a fourth company commanded by Major Alexander Munro of 115 men and a rocket detachment of 40 men commanded by Captain Henry Lane. Colonel Alexander Dickson accompanied these reinforcements. |
Effective strength of 381 gunners & 216 drivers out of a headcount of 649 as at 25 November 1814. Effective strength of 610 out of a headcount of 646 as at 25 December. Casualties 23 to 24 December: 2 ORs killed; 1 Officer, 7 ORs wounded. Casualties 25 to 31 December: 4 ORs killed; 1 Officer, 5 ORs wounded. Casualties 1 to 5 January: 1 Officer 1 NCOs & 9 ORs killed; 12 ORs wounded. Casualties 8 January: 5 ORs killed; 10 ORs wounded. Effective strength of 581 out of a headcount of 625 as at 25 January 1815, 19 deaths since the prior month. |
| * Royal Engineers | Effective strength of 101 out of a headcount of 109 as at 25 December. Company of sappers with a strength of nearly 100 men, confirmed as 98 men on 8 January. | Casualties 23 to 24 December: 1 OR missing. Casualties 25 to 31 December: 1 OR wounded. Casualties 1 to 5 January: 1 Officer killed. Casualties 8 January: 3 ORs wounded. Effective strength of 94 out of a headcount of 109 as at 25 January 1815, zero deaths since the prior month. |
| Royal Staff Corps detachment of 57 men as at 8 January on shore, no source material to indicate whether they participated in the battle. | Effective strength of 57 out of a headcount of 57 whilst at sea as at 25 October 1814. Effective strength of 29 out of a headcount of 57 as at 25 January 1815, zero deaths since the prior month. |
| Composition | Comments |
|---|---|
|
Naval Brigade of 100 sailors from the fleet, in combat, commanded by Rowland Money of HMS Trave, who participated in the attack on the west bank of the Mississippi. Casualties 8 January: Royal Navy casualties were two dead, Captain Rowland Money and 18 seamen wounded. |
| * Royal Marines - Infantry | Composite battalion of 100 marines from the fleet, in combat, commanded by Brevet Major Thomas Adair, who led the attack by the Royal Marines on the west bank of the Mississippi at New Orleans. Casualties 8 January: Royal Marine casualties were two dead, with three officers, one sergeant, and 12 other ranks wounded. |
| * Royal Marines - Gunners | Royal Marine Artillery rocket detachment from the marine battalion (elsewhere), commanded by Lieutenant John Lawrence. The Marine Artillery numbered 1 officer and 26 gunners. Their penultimate engagement was the Battle of New Orleans. |
Native American allies
- Brevet Major Edward Nicolls accompanied by less than 100 Seminole, Creek, and Choctaw warriors. Among them were the Hitchiti Indian chief Kinache.
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