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Brighton and Hove

City of Brighton and Hove
City and unitary authority
Brighton from the pier.jpg
Brighton and Hove shown within East Sussex and England
Brighton and Hove shown within East Sussex and England
Brighton and Hove is located in the United Kingdom
Brighton and Hove
Brighton and Hove
Location in the United Kingdom
Brighton and Hove is located in Europe
Brighton and Hove
Brighton and Hove
Location in Europe
Sovereign state  United Kingdom
Country  England
Region South East England
Historic county  Sussex
Ceremonial county East Sussex
Administrative seat Hove
Established 1 April 1997
City status 31 January 2001
Government
 • Type Unitary authority
 • Body Brighton and Hove City Council
Area
 • City and unitary authority 33.80 sq mi (82.67 km2)
 • Urban
34.5 sq mi (89.4 km2)
Area rank 234th
Population
 (2005 est.)
 • City and unitary authority 290,885
 • Rank 45th
 • Urban
474,485 (15th)
 • Urban density 13,740/sq mi (5,304/km2)
 • Metro
769,000 (15th)
 • Ethnicity
(2011 Census)
80.5% White British
8.5% Other White
3.7% Mixed Race
3% Asian
1.5% Black
1.1% Chinese
0.8% Arab
2.1% Other
Time zone UTC (Greenwich Mean Time)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+1 (British Summer Time)
Postcode areas
BN (1, 2, 3, 41)
ONS code 00ML (ONS)
E06000043 (GSS)
ISO 3166-2 GB-BNH

Brighton and Hove is a city and unitary authority in East Sussex, England. It consists primarily of the settlements of Brighton and Hove, alongside neighbouring villages.

Often referred to synonymously as Brighton, the City of Brighton and Hove is England's most populous seaside resort, as well as the second most populous urban area in South East England. It is administered by Brighton and Hove City Council, which is currently in Green minority control.

It can be considered both a coastal and a downland city benefiting from both the sea and the chalk hill grasslands that it is nestled in.

History

Brighton and Hove is the result of a number of historic local government reorganisations:

  • Brighton was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1854, later becoming a county borough under the Local Government Act 1888; it covered the parish of Brighton and part of Preston;
  • Hove became a local board of health in the late 19th century, originally covering the parish of Hove;
  • In 1893 the parish of Aldrington was added to Hove local board;
  • Hove became incorporated as a municipal borough in 1898;
  • Hangleton, Preston Rural and West Blatchington were added to Hove in 1928;
  • Ovingdean, Patcham and Rottingdean were added to Brighton in 1928;
  • Portslade-by-Sea was added to Hove in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972. Both Brighton and Hove became non-metropolitan districts of East Sussex.

On 15 October 2004, Brighton and Hove was granted Fairtrade City status.

City Council

Political composition

Elections are held every four years, with the last elections occurring on 7 May 2015.

style="width: 2px; background-color: #E4003B;" data-sort-value="Labour Party (UK)" | style="width: 2px; background-color: #0087DC;" data-sort-value="Conservative Party (UK)" | style="width: 2px; background-color: #6AB023;" data-sort-value="Green Party of England and Wales" |

Party Councillors
Labour 23
Conservative 20
Green 11
Total 54
Source: Brighton & Hove City Council

Brighton and Hove was the first ever council in the United Kingdom where the Green Party were both the largest group and led the council (from May 2011 to May 2015).

Industrial relations

In 2013 the council was obliged to finalise single status across its workforce, resulting in a strike of its refuse collectors and street cleaners. Their council reformed their allowances to equalise them with other staff at the organisation conducting similar work.

Administration

The Leader of the Council and Labour minority administration since May 2015 is Councillor Warren Morgan (Lab Co-op).

The mayor of Brighton and Hove for 2016-2017 is Councillor Pete West. Geoff Raw is the current chief executive.

DVLA database ban

In 2012 it was revealed that the Brighton and Hove unitary authority has been permanently banned from accessing information from the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency. This information is normally made available to local authorities for purposes such as enforcing parking fines, but access can be withdrawn if they are found to be misusing the service. The Big Brother Watch organisation, which obtained the information about the ban under a Freedom of Information request, claimed that "the public are right to be worried that their privacy is at risk across a range of government services."

Census

The first census of Brighton was in 1801.

The resident population of Brighton and Hove at the 2011 census was 273,369 persons, 50% male and 50% female.

The 2011 census found the ethnic composition of Brighton and Hove to be 89.08% white (80.48% white British, 1.38% white Irish, 7.21% other white), 4.13% Asian (1.10% Chinese, 1.10% Indian, 0.50% Bangladeshi, 1.43% other Asian), 3.81% mixed race (1.54% mixed black/white, 1.23% mixed white/Asian, 1.05% other mix), 1.53% black and 0.80% Arab.

The 2011 census found the religious composition to be 42.90% Christian, 42.42% nonreligious, 2.23% Muslim, 1.00% Buddhist, 0.98% Jewish. 1.66% were adherents of some other religion, while 8.81% did not state their religion.

In the 2001 census, Brighton and Hove had the highest percentage of citizens indicating their religion as Jedi among all principal areas of England and Wales.

Wording of the Letters Patent

The Letters Patent of 2001 that confers City status is worded thus:

ELIZABETH the SECOND BY THE GRACE OF GOD OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND & OF OUR REALMS & TERRITORIES QUEEN HEAD OF THE COMMONWEALTH DEFENDER OF THE FAITH.

To all whom these Presents shall come Greeting. Whereas We for divers good causes and considerations Us thereunto moving are graciously pleased to confer on the Towns of Brighton and Hove the status of a city. Now Therefore Know Ye that We of Our especial grace and favour and mere motion do by these Presents ordain declare and direct that the TOWNS OF BRIGHTON AND HOVE shall henceforth have the status of a CITY and shall have all such rank liberties privileges and immunities as are incident to a City. In witness whereof We have caused Our Letters to be made Patent Witness Ourself at Westminster the thirty first day of January in the forty ninth year of our reign.

By Warrant under The Queens Sign Manual.

Economy and demography

The economy of the city is service-based with a strong emphasis on creative, digital and electronic technologies. Tourism and entertainment are important sectors for the city, which has many hotels and amusements, as well as Brighton Pier and Shoreham/Portslade Harbour.

The United Kingdom Census 2011 showed a substantial fall in the proportion of the population claiming Jobseeker's Allowance or Income Support, from 10.1% of the resident population in 2001, to 4.5% of the resident population in 2011.

Census

The first census of Brighton was in 1801.

The resident population of Brighton and Hove at the 2011 census was 273,369 persons, 50% male and 50% female.

The 2011 census found the ethnic composition of Brighton and Hove to be 89.1% white (80.5% white British, 1.4% white Irish, 7.1% other white), 4.1% Asian (1.1% Chinese, 1.1% Indian, 0.5% Bangladeshi, 1.2% other Asian), 3.8% mixed race (1.5% mixed black/white, 1.2% mixed white/Asian, 1.0% other mix), 1.5% black and 0.8% Arab.

The 2011 census found the religious composition to be 42.90% Christian, 42.42% nonreligious, 2.23% Muslim, 1.00% Buddhist, 0.98% Jewish. 1.66% were adherents of some other religion, while 8.81% did not state their religion.

In the 2001 census, Brighton and Hove had the highest percentage of citizens indicating their religion as Jedi among all principal areas of England and Wales.

Images for kids

See also

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