Brown v. Mississippi facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Brown v. Mississippi |
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| Argued January 10, 1936 Decided February 17, 1936 |
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| Full case name | Brown, et al. v. State of Mississippi |
| Citations | 297 U.S. 278 (more)
56 S. Ct. 461; 80 L. Ed. 682
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| Prior history | Brown v. State, 173 Miss. 542, 161 So. 465, 158 So. 339 (1935); cert. granted, 296 U.S. 559 (1935). |
| Holding | |
| A confession extracted through police brutality cannot be entered as evidence and violates the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America. | |
| Court membership | |
| Case opinions | |
| Majority | Hughes, joined by unanimous |
| Laws applied | |
| U.S. Const. amend. XIV | |
Brown v. Mississippi, 297 U.S. 278 (1936), was a United States Supreme Court case that ruled that a defendant's involuntary confession that is extracted by the use of force on the part of law enforcement cannot be entered as evidence and violates the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Contents
Facts of the case
Raymond Stewart, a white planter, was murdered in Kemper County, Mississippi on March 30, 1934. Arthur Ellington, Ed Brown, and Henry Shields, three black tenant farmers, were arrested for his murder. At the trial, the prosecution's principal evidence was the defendants' confessions to police officers. During the trial, however, prosecution witnesses freely admitted that the defendants confessed only after being subjected to brutal whippings by the officers.
The confessions were nevertheless admitted into evidence, and were the only evidence used in the subsequent one-day trial. The defendants were convicted by a jury and sentenced to be executed. The convictions were affirmed by the Mississippi Supreme Court on appeal. In Chief Justice Virgil Alexis Griffith's dissent, he wrote "the transcript reads more like pages torn from some medieval account than a record made within the confines of a modern civilization."
Judgment
In a unanimous decision, the Court reversed the convictions of the defendants. It held that a defendant's confession that was extracted by police violence cannot be entered as evidence and violates the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Aftermath
Upon remand from the United States Supreme Court, the three defendants pleaded nolo contendere to manslaughter rather than risk a retrial. They were however sentenced to six months, two and one-half years, and seven and one-half years in prison, respectively.
The prosecutor at the trial level, John Stennis, later served forty-two years as a United States Senator, including two years as President pro tempore. He ran for office in Mississippi thirteen times and never lost.
See also
- Confession (legal)
- Chambers v. Florida (1940)
- List of criminal competencies
- List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 297
- Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
- Scottsboro Boys
