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Haldimand County
Haldimand County
The Grand River Bridge, which carries Argyle St. over the Grand River in Caledonia.
The Grand River Bridge, which carries Argyle St. over the Grand River in Caledonia.
Map of Ontario HALDIMAND.svg
Country Canada
Province Ontario
Established 1800 (County)
Restructured 1974 (Regional Municipality of Haldimand-Norfolk)
Amalgamated 2001 (Single-tier municipality)
Area
 • Land 1,252 km2 (483 sq mi)
Population
 • Total 45,608
 • Density 36.4/km2 (94/sq mi)
Time zone UTC-5 (EST)
 • Summer (DST) UTC-4 (EDT)
Postal code span
N0A, N1A, N3W
Area code(s) 519, 226, 905, 289, 365
Website www.haldimandcounty.on.ca

Haldimand County is a rural city-status single-tier municipality on the Niagara Peninsula in Southern Ontario, Canada, on the north shore of Lake Erie, and on the Grand River. Despite its name, it is no longer a county by definition, as all municipal services are handled by a single level of government. Municipal offices are located in Cayuga.

The county is adjacent to Norfolk County, the County of Brant, the City of Hamilton, and the Regional Municipality of Niagara.

History

Haldimand's history has been closely associated with that of the neighbouring Norfolk County. Haldimand was first created as a county in 1800, from a portion of Norfolk. It was named after the governor of the Province of Quebec Sir Frederick Haldimand. In 1844 the land was surrendered by Six Nations to the Crown in an agreement that was signed by the vast majority of Chiefs in the Haldimand tract.

See Norfolk County History for the period when Haldimand and Norfolk were governed as a single unit.

Beginning in February 2006, a land dispute by native protesters began near Caledonia over a housing development being built on the outskirts of town, which members of the nearby Mohawk Six Nations people claim is rightfully their land.

Communities

The population centres in Haldimand are Caledonia, Dunnville, Hagersville, Jarvis and Cayuga. Part of the Six Nations Reserve is within the geographic area of Haldimand County, but is independent of the county. Most of Haldimand is agricultural land, although some heavy industry, including the Nanticoke Generating Station, is located here.

Smaller communities within the municipality are Attercliffe Station, Balmoral, Bodri Bay, Brookers Bay, Byng, Canborough, Canfield, Cheapside, Clanbrassil, Crescent Bay, Decewsville, Empire Corners, Featherstone Point, Fisherville, Garnet, Hoover Point, Kohler, Little Buffalo, Lowbanks, Moulton, Mount Carmel, Mount Healy, Nanticoke, Nelles Corners, Peacock Point, Port Maitland, Rainham Centre, Selkirk, Sims Lock, South Cayuga, Springvale, Stromness, Sweets Corners, Townsend, Willow Grove, Woodlawn Park and York.

The ghost towns of Cook's Station, Cranston, Dufferin, Erie, Indiana Lambs Corners, Lythmore, Sandusk, Upper, Varency, are also located within Haldimand.

Historic townships

Haldimand County area 284,817 acres (1,153 km2) was formed from part of the land grant to the Six Nations in 1783. The County was purchased by treaty and opened for general settlement in 1832. It was first settled by white veterans of Butler's Rangers established there by Joseph Brant. A large number of Germans were among the first settlers.

  • Canborough, area 21,586 acres (87 km2). Granted in 1794 by Joseph Brant to John Dochstader of Butler's Rangers. Purchased by Benjamin Canby in 1810 for 5,000, he named the village-site "Canborough. Community centre: Canborough, Darling and it touches Dunnville
  • Dunn, area 15,122 acres (61 km2). Opened for settlement in 1833. Community centre: Dunnville
  • Moulton, area 27,781 acres (112 km2). Landowner Henry John Boulton named the township from the Boulton family seat in England.
  • North Cayuga, area 32,825 acres (133 km2).
  • Oneida, area 32,598 acres (132 km2). Joseph Brant granted a 999 year lease of part of Oneida and Seneca townships to Henry Nelles, of Butler's Rangers and his sons, Robert, Abraham, William, Warner and John. Community centres were: Caledonia, Dufferin and Hagersville.
  • Rainham, area 25,705 acres (104 km2) Community centres: Balmoral, Selkirk, Rainham Centre and Fisherville.
  • Seneca, area 41,721 acres (169 km2). Community centres: York and Caledonia
  • Sherbrooke, area 5,098 acres (21 km2), the smallest township in Ontario. Opened in 1825 and named from Sir John Coape Sherbrooke, a Governor-General of Canada. The Township was granted by the Indians to William Dickson (a lawyer) as a professional fee. Community centres: Stromness and Port Maitland.
  • South Cayuga, area 13,293 acres (54 km2).
  • Walpole, area 66,213 acres (268 km2). Community centres were: Hagersville, Jarvis, Selkirk, Cheapside and Nanticoke.

Source: Province of Ontario -- A History 1615 to 1927 by Jesse Edgar Middleton & Fred Landon, copyright 1927, Dominion Publishing Company, Toronto

Demographics

Historical populations
Haldimand County, ON
Year Pop. ±%
1996 42,041 —    
2001 43,728 +4.0%
2006 45,212 +3.4%
2011 44,876 −0.7%
2016 45,608 +1.6%

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Haldimand County had a population of 49,216 living in 18,719 of its 20,710 total private dwellings, a change of 7.9% from its 2016 population of 45,608. With a land area of 1,250.45 km2 (482.80 sq mi), it had a population density of 39.4/km2 (102/sq mi) in 2021.

Canada census – Haldimand County community profile
2016 2011 2006
Population: 45,608 (+1.6% from 2011) 44,876 (-0.7% from 2006) 45,212 (3.4% from 2001)
Land area: 1,251.54 km2 (483.22 sq mi) 1,251.57 km2 (483.23 sq mi) 1,251.58 km2 (483.24 sq mi)
Population density: 36.4/km2 (94/sq mi) 35.9/km2 (93/sq mi) 36.1/km2 (93/sq mi)
Median age: 44.5 (M: 43.7, F: 45.2)
Total private dwellings: 19,472 19,108 18,386
Median household income: $$76,117
References: 2016 2011 2006 earlier

Ethnocultural statistics

Only ethnic groups that comprise greater than 1% of the population are included. Note that a person can report more than one group.

  • English: 37.4%
  • "Canadian": 32.7%
  • Scottish: 24.9%
  • Irish: 20.1%
  • German: 18.4%
  • Dutch: 13.4%
  • French: 8.6%
  • Italian: 4.4%
  • Aboriginal: 3.3%
  • Ukrainian: 2.7%
  • Polish: 2.7%
  • Hungarian: 2.4%
  • Welsh: 2.0%
  • British Isles (other): 1.7%
  • Portuguese: 1.3%

Policing

Policing in the county is provided by the Haldimand detachment of the Ontario Provincial Police located in Cayuga.

Transportation

The Southern Ontario Railway operates in southwestern Haldimand.

Highways that travel through Haldimand include Ontario Highway 3 and Ontario Highway 6.

Protected areas

  • Haldimand Conservation Area
  • Selkirk Provincial Park
  • Taquanyah Conservation Area
  • Hedley Forest Conservation Area
  • Canborough Conservation Area
  • Ruigrok Tract Conservation Area
  • Oswego Conservation Area
  • Byng Island Conservation Area
  • Rock Point Provincial Park
  • Mohawk Island National Wildlife Area

Attractions

Surrounding Counties

Notable people

  • Birthplace of Canadian Olympic high jump medalist Ethel Catherwood.
  • Birthplace of Canadian Women's Hockey Gold Medalist Becky Kellar-Duke
  • Birthplace of Spud Johnson Major League Baseball player
  • Boston Bruins' Nathan Horton, who won the Stanley Cup in 2011
  • San Jose Sharks Head Coach Peter DeBoer
  • Edmonton Oilers goaltender Cam Talbot
  • Chicago Blackhawks goaltender Ray Emery, who won Stanley Cup in 2013
  • Marty McSorley, retired NHL player
  • Peter Robertson, inventor of the Robertson screw

See also

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