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Hawthorne, California
Official seal of Hawthorne, California
Seal
Official logo of Hawthorne, California
Motto(s): 
"City of Good Neighbors"
Location of Hawthorne in Los Angeles County, California.
Location of Hawthorne in Los Angeles County, California.
Hawthorne, California is located in the Los Angeles metropolitan area
Hawthorne, California
Hawthorne, California
Location in the Los Angeles metropolitan area
Hawthorne, California is located in California
Hawthorne, California
Hawthorne, California
Location in California
Hawthorne, California is located in the United States
Hawthorne, California
Hawthorne, California
Location in the United States
Country  United States
State  California
County Los Angeles
Incorporated July 12, 1922
Government
 • Type City council
Area
 • Total 6.09 sq mi (15.78 km2)
 • Land 6.08 sq mi (15.75 km2)
 • Water 0.01 sq mi (0.03 km2)  0.18%
Elevation
72 ft (22 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total 88,083
 • Rank 92nd in California
 • Density 14,464/sq mi (5,581.9/km2)
Time zone UTC−8 (Pacific Time Zone)
 • Summer (DST) UTC−7 (PDT)
ZIP Codes
90250 and 90251
Area codes 310/424, 213/323
FIPS code 06-32548
GNIS feature IDs 1652717, 2410720

Hawthorne is a city in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, located in southwestern Los Angeles County, California. It is part of a seventeen-city region commonly called the South Bay. As of the 2020 US census, Hawthorne had a population of 88,083.

History

The city was founded in 1905 as the "Hawthorne Improvement Company" by B.L. Harding and H.D. Lombard. Harding's daughter shared her birthday—July 4, American Independence Day—with New England author Nathaniel Hawthorne, and a decision was made to name the city after him.

Hawthorne was once a "whites only" settlement, commonly called a sundown town. During the 1930s, signs warned African-Americans to be out of Hawthorne by sundown.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 6.1 square miles (16 km2), over 99% of it land.

To the north of Hawthorne is the unincorporated community of Lennox and the city of Inglewood. To the east is the unincorporated community of Athens and the city of Gardena. To the south is the unincorporated community of El Camino Village, and the cities of Lawndale and Redondo Beach. Manhattan Beach is at the southwest corner of Hawthorne, and the city of El Segundo is to the west of Hawthorne. The unincorporated community of Del Aire is surrounded on three sides by the city of Hawthorne along western edge of Hawthorne.

The Century Freeway (Glenn Anderson Freeway, I-105) runs along the northern boundary of Hawthorne, with the LACMTA Green Line light rail line running down the center of the Century Freeway. The San Diego Freeway (I-405) runs along the western boundary of Hawthorne. Major east–west streets in Hawthorne include Rosecrans Ave., El Segundo Ave., and Imperial Highway. Major north–south street include Aviation Blvd., Inglewood Ave., Hawthorne Blvd., Prairie Ave., Crenshaw Blvd., and Van Ness Ave.

Hawthorne is five miles (8 km) from the Los Angeles International Airport.

Hawthorne comprises ZIP codes 90250 and 90251. It is in 310 area code, except for a small portion of northeastern Hawthorne, which is located in 323 area code.

Climate

Weather chart for Hawthorne, California
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temperatures in °F
precipitation totals in inches
source: Weather.com / NWS

Hawthorne, like the rest of the Los Angeles basin, is well known for its year-round Mediterranean climate:

  • On average, the warmest month is August.
  • The highest recorded temperature was 111 °F (44 °C) in 1961.
  • On average, the coolest month is January.
  • The lowest recorded temperature was 15 °F (−9 °C) in 1963.
  • The maximum average precipitation occurs in February.

Hawthorne has a Mediterranean climate or Dry-Summer Subtropical (Köppen climate classification Csb on the coast, Csa inland), enjoying plenty of sunshine throughout the year, with an average of 263 sunshine days and only 35 days with measurable precipitation annually.

The period of April through November is warm to hot and dry with average high temperatures of 71–79 °F (22–26 °C) and lows of 50–62 °F (10–17 °C). Due to the moderating effect of the ocean, temperatures are cooler than more inland areas of Los Angeles, where temperatures frequently exceed 90 °F (32 °C) and occasionally reach 100 °F (38 °C).

The Los Angeles area is also subject to the phenomena typical of a microclimate. As such, the temperatures can vary as much as 18 °F (10 °C) between inland areas and the coast, with a temperature gradient of over one degree per mile (1.6 km) from the coast inland. California has also a weather phenomenon called "June Gloom or May Grey", which sometimes brings overcast or foggy skies in the morning at the coast, but usually gives way to sunny skies by noon, during late spring and early summer.

The Los Angeles region averages 15 inches (385 mm) of precipitation annually, which mainly occurs during the winter and spring (November through April) with generally light rain showers, but sometimes as heavy rainfall and thunderstorms. On November 6, 1966 the first ever documented tornado touched down within the city's limits. It caused significant damage, it ran for about a half of a mile, from 132nd St. and Ramona Ave. to 140th St. and Ramona Ave. Snowfall is extremely rare but not impossible in the city basin.

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop.
1930 6,596
1940 8,263 25.3%
1950 16,316 97.5%
1960 33,035 102.5%
1970 53,304 61.4%
1980 56,437 5.9%
1990 71,349 26.4%
2000 84,112 17.9%
2010 84,293 0.2%
2020 88,083 4.5%
U.S. Decennial Census

2010

At the 2010 census Hawthorne had a population of 84,293. The population density was 13,835.7 people per square mile (5,342.0/km2). The racial makeup of Hawthorne was 27,678 (32.8%) White (10.3% Non-Hispanic White), 23,385 (27.7%) African American, 565 (0.7%) Native American, 5,642 (6.7%) Asian, 974 (1.2%) Pacific Islander, 22,127 (26.3%) from other races, and 3,922 (4.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 44,572 persons (52.9%).

The census reported that 83,754 people (99.4% of the population) lived in households, 208 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 331 (0.4%) were institutionalized.

There were 28,486 households, 12,330 (43.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 10,833 (38.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 6,369 (22.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,357 (8.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,309 (8.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 191 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. Of the households, 7,125 (25.0%) were one person and 1,430 (5.0%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.94. There were 19,559 families (68.7% of households); the average family size was 3.54.

The age distribution was 23,157 people (27.5%) under the age of 18, 9,487 people (11.3%) aged 18 to 24, 27,035 people (32.1%) aged 25 to 44, 18,395 people (21.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 6,219 people (7.4%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 31.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.6 males.

There were 29,869 housing units at an average density of 4,902.7 per square mile, of the occupied units 7,623 (26.8%) were owner-occupied and 20,863 (73.2%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.5%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.6%. 25,869 people (30.7% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 57,885 people (68.7%) lived in rental housing units.

During 2009–2013, Hawthorne had a median household income of $44,649, with 19.2% of the population living below the federal poverty line.

2000

As of the census of 2000, there were 84,112 people in 28,536 households, including 19,775 families, in the city. The population density was 13,879.4 inhabitants per square mile (5,359.0/km2). There were 29,629 housing units at an average density of 4,889.1 per square mile (1,887.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 29.27% White, 39.02% Black or African American, 0.75% Native American, 7.73% Asian, 0.86% Pacific Islander, 24.16% from other races, and 5.22% from two or more races. 44.3% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 28,536 households, 43.7% included children under the age of 18, 38.6% were married couples living together, 23.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.7% were non-families. Of all households 24.5% were one person and 4.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.93 and the average family size was 3.50.

The age distribution was 31.7% under the age of 18, 11.3% from 18 to 24, 34.9% from 25 to 44, 16.1% from 45 to 64, and 6.1% 65 or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.3 males.

The median household income was $31,887 and the median family income was $35,149. Males had a median income of $29,481 versus $27,427 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,022. About 18.4% of families and 20.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.6% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

P-61bs on assembly line - Northrop - 1944
P-61s being built by Northrop Corp. during World War II in Hawthorne

According to the City's 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:

# Employer # of Employees
1 SpaceX 5,094
2 Amazon Fulfillment Center 1,500
3 Hawthorne School District 875
4 City of Hawthorne 319
5 Home Depot 305
6 OSI Systems 272
7 Target 266
8 Lithographix Inc. 253
9 Teledyne Relays 250
10 Wiseburn Unified School District 243

Besides the top employers, following businesses are located in Hawthorne:

  • The Boring Company, infrastructure and tunnel construction services company.
  • Century Media Records, independent rock label.
  • Northrop Corporation, founded in 1939 and headquartered in Hawthorne, became a major manufacturer of aircraft during World War II, as well as a major subcontractor to other aircraft companies. Jack Northrop developed his famous flying wings, which ultimately led to the B-2 stealth bomber. Northrop also produced the P-61 Black Widow fighter in its Hawthorne plant, which was on the south side of Northrop Field (present-day Hawthorne Airport). The facility was, for some time, used as an aircraft plant, producing fuselage sections for Boeing 747s and 787s. The building is currently used as the headquarters and main factory of SpaceX.
  • Tesla, Inc. has its design center at the Hawthorne Municipal Airport.

Konami Digital Entertainment has its US offices in Hawthorne

Previously in Hawthorne:

  • Mattel (formerly), toy manufacturer; originally started in Hawthorne in 1945 and moved to their current facility in nearby El Segundo, California by 1991.
  • Hawthorne Plaza, a regional shopping center, now closed

Education

Primary and secondary schools

Hawthorne is served by multiple school districts.

Centinela Valley Union High School District
Hawthorne School District
Wiseburn School District
  • Juan Cabrillo Elementary School (Kindergarten-2nd grade)
  • 138th St School (3rd-5th grade) (To Be Renamed)
  • Richard Henry Dana Middle School (6th-8th grade)
  • Da Vinci Schools (9th-12th grade)
Lawndale Elementary School District
  • Franklin D. Roosevelt-Kit Carson Elementary School (Alondra Park)
  • Will Rogers Middle School (Lawndale)
Lennox School District
  • Elementary schools with boundaries coinciding include: Buford, Jefferson, and Moffett
  • All district residents are zoned to Lennox Middle School (grades 7–8)
Los Angeles Unified School District
  • Cimarron Elementary School (Hawthorne)
  • Clay Middle School (Unincorporated area)
  • Washington Preparatory High School (Unincorporated area)

In addition Los Angeles County Office of Education operates Southwest Day (5th-12th grade).

Hawthorne Math and Science Academy is a charter high school in Hawthorne associated with the Hawthorne School District.

Private schools

  • Saint Joseph's Parish School (Catholic)
  • Trinity Lutheran School
  • Al Huda Islamic School

Colleges and universities

Los Angeles Community College District
  • Los Angeles Southwest College (in an unincorporated area in Los Angeles County)
  • El Camino College

Infrastructure

The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services operates the Curtis Tucker Health Center in Inglewood, serving Hawthorne.

The United States Postal Service Hawthorne Post Office is located at 12700 Inglewood Avenue.

Notable people

  • Each original member of the Beach Boys grew up in Hawthorne—Brian, Dennis and Carl Wilson, Mike Love, and Al Jardine—as well as early member David Marks. The Wilsons' childhood home is commemorated by the Beach Boys Historic Landmark.
  • Carl Boenish, base jumper
  • NFL players Curtis Conway, Jason Simmons, and Dennis Northcutt have all resided in Hawthorne.
  • Fred Dryer, defensive end in the NFL, actor and producer, was born in Hawthorne in 1946
  • Domo Genesis of OFWGKTA was born in Hawthorne.
  • Singer-songwriter Cuco grew up and currently resides in Hawthorne.
  • NEA chairman Dana Gioia was born and reared in Hawthorne.
  • Jazz critic and music historian Ted Gioia was born and raised in Hawthorne and graduated from Hawthorne High.
  • Tracy Jones, former Major League Baseball player and 700 WLW radio host, was born in Hawthorne.
  • Rapper Kurupt lived in Hawthorne after moving from Philadelphia.
  • Scott Laidlaw, running back for the Dallas Cowboys and the New York Giants of the NFL, was born in Hawthorne, grew up in Hawthorne, and went to Hawthorne High School.
  • Michael Marsh, Olympic gold medalist, attended Hawthorne High
  • Mike McDermott, former member of the Maryland House of Delegates, was born in Hawthorne.
  • Actress Marilyn Monroe lived in the city from infancy until she was 6.
  • Singer Chris Montez grew up in Hawthorne.
  • Jack Northrop founded and managed Northrop Corporation, which was headquartered in Hawthorne (see Economy section above).
  • Actor Butch Patrick of TV's The Munsters lived in Hawthorne for a short time.
  • Red Cloud, American rapper of indigenous Mexican descent, was born in Hawthorne.
  • Musician Emitt Rhodes lived in Hawthorne.
  • Major League Baseball pitcher (New York Mets and Houston Astros) and Cy Young Award winner Mike Scott grew up in Hawthorne and graduated from Hawthorne High School in 1973.
  • Film and stage actress Betta St. John was born in Hawthorne.
  • Sports figure Jim Thorpe resided in Hawthorne during part of his life, and there is a park named after him.
  • Tyler, the Creator of OFWGKTA grew up in Hawthorne. The name of the city is seen on the cover of his album Call Me If You Get Lost.
  • Russell Westbrook of the Los Angeles Lakers grew up in Hawthorne.
  • Dorell Wright of the Portland Trail Blazers grew up in Hawthorne.
  • Gyasi Zardes of the Columbus Crew SC grew up in Hawthorne.

Images for kids

See also

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