Human T-lymphotropic virus facts for kids
Human T-lymphotropic virus is a virus. It is a kind of retrovirus. Human T-lymphotropic virus causes leukemia as well as other diseases. Currently, four kinds are known (labelled I to IV).
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Figure 2. A phylogeny of the subtypes of HTLV and their relationships between endogenous and exogenous retroviruses in the human genome. HERV = human endogenous retrovirus, SFV = simian foamy virus.
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Figure 3. ORF maps of HTLV type retroviruses.[8] Betaretroviruses (such as HERV-K) are found in mice, primates and sheep. Deltaretroviruses include bovine leukemia virus and HTLV-1 and -2. Gammaretroviruses include the murine leukemia virus and the feline leukemia virus but also viruses that infect reptiles and birds. Lentiviruses include HIV. Spumaviruses or foamyviruses include SFV and HERV-L. Abbreviations: LTR = long terminal repeat, consisting of the U3, R and U5 regions in the integrated provirus, gag = group-specific-antigen, du = dUTPase, pro = protease, pol = polymerase (reverse transcriptase and integrase), env = envelope, bel 1-3 (bel 1 is also known as tas;the bel 2 reading frame overlaps with another one named bet), tax, rex, tat, rev, vpu, vif, nef and vprencode small additional proteins. The HERV-K Rec protein is also known as K-Rev. HERV-K rec is found in HERV-K type II proviruses, while np9 is encoded by HERV-K type I proviruses. In spumavirus, either gag-pro or pro-pol are encoded in the same translational reading frame.
See also
In Spanish: Virus linfotrópico de células T humanas para niños
