IBM facts for kids
Logo since 1972, designed by Paul Rand
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Trade name
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IBM |
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Formerly
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Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (1911-1924) |
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| Industry | Information technology |
| Founded | June 16, 1911 (as Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company) Endicott, New York, U.S. |
| Founders | Herman Hollerith Charles Ranlett Flint Thomas J. Watson, Sr. |
| Headquarters | 1 Orchard Road, , |
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Area served
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177 countries |
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Key people
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| Products | Automation Robotics Artificial intelligence Cloud computing Consulting Blockchain Computer hardware Software Quantum computing |
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| Services |
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| Revenue |  US$60.53 billion (2022) |
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Operating income
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 US$1.78 billion (2022) |
| US$1.63 billion (2022) |
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| Total assets | US$127.24 billion (2022) |
| Total equity | US$22.02 billion (2022) |
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Number of employees
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288,300 (December 2022) |
| Subsidiaries | List of subsidiaries |
International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is a company from the United States that makes and sells software, computer hardware, infrastructure services, and consulting services. IBM is one of the biggest Information Technology companies in the world. IBM has had the most patents of any technology company for many years.
As one of the world's oldest and largest technology companies, IBM has been responsible for several technological innovations, including the automated teller machine (ATM), dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), the floppy disk, the hard disk drive, the magnetic stripe card, the relational database, the SQL programming language, and the UPC barcode. The company has made inroads in advanced computer chips, quantum computing, artificial intelligence, and data infrastructure. IBM employees and alumni have won various recognitions for their scientific research and inventions, including six Nobel Prizes and six Turing Awards.
Nicknamed Big Blue, IBM is one of 30 companies included in the Dow Jones Industrial Average and one of the world's largest employers, with (as of 2016) nearly 380,000 employees.
History
IBM began in 1911, it was called the "Computer Tabulating Recording Company". It was set up by a man named Charles Flint. There were no computers at that time, so IBM made other machines, such as typewriters. In 1924, the company changed its name to International Business Machines (IBM). In 1937, the company's Tabulating Machines were used by the United States government to record information about Americans, so they could make a new law called the Social Security Act.
During World War II, IBM made guns for the American army. During the 1960s, IBM computers were used for American space exploration. From the 1980s until 2005, IBM made personal computers. In 2005, IBM sold their personal computer manufacturing to a Chinese company called Lenovo. Today, IBM mostly makes software, and some powerful supercomputers.
On April 7, 1964, IBM announced the first computer system family, the IBM System/360. It spanned the complete range of commercial and scientific applications from large to small, allowing companies for the first time to upgrade to models with greater computing capability without having to rewrite their applications. It was followed by the IBM System/370 in 1970. Together the 360 and 370 made the IBM mainframe the dominant mainframe computer and the dominant computing platform in the industry throughout this period and into the early 1980s. They, and the operating systems that ran on them such as OS/VS1 and MVS, and the middleware built on top of those such as the CICS transaction processing monitor, had a near-monopoly-level hold on the computer industry and became almost synonymous with IBM products due to their marketshare.
Products and services
IBM has a large and diverse portfolio of products and services. As of 2016, these offerings fall into the categories of cloud computing, cognitive computing, commerce, data and analytics, Internet of Things, IT infrastructure, mobile, and security. IBM also hosts the industry-wide cloud computing and mobile technologies conference InterConnect each year.
IBM is nicknamed Big Blue in part due to its blue logo and color scheme, and also partially since IBM once had a de facto dress code of white shirts with blue suits.
Images for kids
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NACA researchers using an IBM type 704 electronic data processing machine in 1957
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IBM guidance computer hardware for the Saturn V Instrument Unit
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IBM inventions (clockwise from top-left): the hard-disk drive, DRAM, the UPC bar code, and the magnetic stripe card
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IBM CHQ in Armonk, New York in 2014
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Pangu Plaza, one of IBM's offices in Beijing, China
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Blue Gene was awarded the National Medal of Technology and Innovation in 2009.
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IBM Q System One (2019), the first circuit-based commercial quantum computer
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The Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York, is one of 12 IBM research labs worldwide.
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IBM Fellow Benoit Mandelbrot discusses fractal geometry, 2010.
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IBM ads at John F. Kennedy International Airport, 2013
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New IBM employees being welcomed to a bootcamp at IBM Austin, 2015
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Employees demonstrating IBM Watson capabilities in a Jeopardy! exhibition match on campus, 2011
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See also
In Spanish: IBM para niños
