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Yarrabah
Queensland
AU-Qld-Yarrabah old mission township.jpg
Town of Yarrabah, 2020
Yarrabah is located in Queensland
Yarrabah
Yarrabah
Location in Queensland
Population 2,559 (2016 census)
 • Density 16.404/km2 (42.49/sq mi)
Established 1892
Postcode(s) 4871
Area 156.0 km2 (60.2 sq mi)
Time zone AEST (UTC+10:00)
Location
LGA(s) Aboriginal Shire of Yarrabah
State electorate(s) Mulgrave
Federal Division(s) Kennedy
Localities around Yarrabah:
East Trinity Coral Sea Coral Sea
Green Hill Yarrabah Coral Sea
Aloomba Deeral Coral Sea

Yarrabah (traditionally Yagaljida in the Yidin language spoken by the indigenous Yidinji people is a coastal town and locality in the Aboriginal Shire of Yarrabah, Queensland, Australia. In the 2016 census, the locality of Yarrabah had a population of 2,559 people. It is an Aboriginal community.

History

An Anglican church missionary, Ernest Gribble ( 1868–1957 ) began to regularly visit an Aboriginal group who inhabited the Yarrabah area living a very traditional lifestyle. These visits by Gribble were to encourage the tribe to move to a mission settlement he was in the process of setting up. With the help of the tribe's leader, Menmuny, the tribe moved to the mission now known as Yarrabah Community. The mission was settled in 1893. Over time, many people (including some South Sea Islanders) were relocated from homelands in the surrounding area to Yarrabah.

In 1957, the Yarrabah residents staged a strike to protest poor working conditions, inadequate food, health problems and harsh administration. The church expelled the ringleaders and many others left voluntarily, never to return. A few years later, the Government of Queensland assumed control of the mission. As a result, still today most of Yarrabah is Crown Land. Native Title claims here are hard to put forward, due to the very fragmented ethnic composition of this community, with many Aborigines in Yarrabah having been settled here from other areas, including interstate.

In 1965, an advisory council was set up which allowed Aboriginals to give "advice" to the Department of Aborigines, but it had no actual power and the government continued to control all aspects of local people's lives. In 1979, several community members joined a union but were stood down.

Eventually, on 27 October 1986, the community received Deed of Grant in Trust land tenure, making it subject to the Community Services (Aborigines) Act 1984, which allowed for self-governing Aboriginal Community Councils with a range of powers and controls over the land. With the passage of reforms in 2005, the Council became an "Aboriginal Shire" and gained the authority of a legal local government.

On 23 July 2007, Yarrabah hosted the Cabinet of the Queensland Government in the first ever Cabinet meeting to be held in an indigenous Australian community. On 1 October 2007, the Howard Coalition Government chose Yarrabah as the first recipient of what was said to be a 'landmark housing and welfare reform agreement'.

Demographics

The population of community was given to be about 630 indigenous persons in 1952.

According to the 2016 Census the town had a population of 2,559 people. However, note that official estimates of population may be undercounts due to both language barriers and the transient nature of residence of the outstations.

Of those, 97.4% identified as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander. The median age of Yarrabah residents was 23, compared with 38 nationally. The majority of the Yarrabah workforce was engaged as either labourers or as community and personal service workers, and worked in local government administration or social assistance services. The median individual income was $224 per week compared with $534 per week for the Cairns statistical district.

84.8% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Kriol at 6.7%. The most common responses for religion were Anglican 84.6% and No Religion 7.4%.

Facilities

Yarrabah has one small supermarket run by local people, two hot food take-away shops, a local bakery and a drive-in pub, as well as a service station. For most other commercial needs, people need to travel to Gordonvale or Edmonton. The road to the community is bitumen sealed and is accessible all year round despite weather conditions.

Ergon Energy powers the station and the residences. Ergon Energy power lines power the whole community as far as the Oombunji suburb (5-10 kilometres from the Community). Residents who live further than Oombunji & other places/suburbs in Yarrabah such as Wungu, Back Beach, Buddabaddoo, King Beach, Turtle Bay & Jilji have to use power generators for electricity. People who live in these outer places/suburbs can also adapt to live without power. The area is subjected to power blackouts especially during the wet season. During the blackouts there are no cooking facilities. Some blackouts have been known to last up to 5 days.

Yarrabah's medical needs are serviced by a multi-disciplinary primary health care centre, which handles emergencies and general practice care, but does not have inpatient facilities. It is staffed 24 hours a day by nurses who mostly commute from Cairns.

Transport

Yarrabah used to be serviced by the Paradise Bus, which is based in Babinda and privately run. As of 2016 this bus service only provides a regular service along the Bruce Highway, about 30 km from Yarrabah, which joins the community of Gordonvale (south of Cairns), with the suburb of Edmonton and the Cairns CBD.

A ferry service used to be in place at Yarrabah, back in the days when there were no sealed roads to reach Cairns. Locals used to call this ferry a 'flatty'. It used to carry school children back and forth from Yarrabah to the city of Cairns. A project to build a new wharf at Yarrabah is in place, after the Queensland Government allocated 7 million dollars to this purpose. It is expected when this new wharf becomes operational, regular and reliable water transport will be resumed for Yarrabah, which lies only 11 kilometres by sea from the Cairns waterfront.

Youth can be occasionally riding some of the brumbies of the area, without saddles.

Education

AU-Qld-Yarrabah state high school
Entrance to the secondary school campus, 2020

Yarrabah State School is a government primary and secondary (Early Childhood-10) school for boys and girls In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 443 students with 46 teachers (44 full-time equivalent) and 41 non-teaching staff (29 full-time equivalent). It includes a special education program. The school operates from three sites:

  • the Early Childhood and Prep campus at Workshop Street (16°54′28″S 145°52′06″E / 16.9079°S 145.8683°E / -16.9079; 145.8683 (Yarrabah State School - Prep Campus))
  • the primary school (Years 1-6) campus at at Gribble Street (16°54′21″S 145°51′53″E / 16.9059°S 145.8647°E / -16.9059; 145.8647 (Yarrabah State School - Primary Campus))
  • the secondary campus (Years 7-10) campus at Back Beach Road (16°55′44″S 145°52′29″E / 16.9288°S 145.8746°E / -16.9288; 145.8746 (Yarrabah State School - Secondary Campus))

The nearest school for students continuing on to senior years (Year 11–12) is Gordonvale State High School in Gordonvale to the south-west. There is a free-of-charge school bus to Gordonvale State High School, which is the only public transport available for Yarrabah residents. A few decades back a ferry service used to take pupils to and from school in Cairns, before the road to Yarrabah was sealed. This service is no longer in use.

The Yarrabah community has a public library which serves a number of purposes including access to computers and the Internet, equipment to watch movies on DVD, and educational links including a Homework Centre (a Federal Government initiative) and access to the RATEP (Aboriginal Teacher Education Program) at James Cook University in Townsville for those training to be teachers.

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