List of the prehistoric life of Alabama facts for kids

This list of the prehistoric life of Alabama contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of Alabama.

Precambrian

The Paleobiology Database records no known occurrences of Precambrian fossils in Alabama.

Paleozoic

Selected Paleozoic taxa of Alabama

• 

  Fossilized fronds of the Carboniferous-Early Cretaceous seed fern Alethopteris
  †Alethopteris
  • †Alethopteris lonchitica
  • †Alethopteris valida
• †Amphiscapha – tentative report
• †Amplexopora
• †Annularia
  • †Annularia radiata
  • †Annularia sphenophylloides
• †Arenicolites
• †Artisia
• †Atrypa
• †Aviculopecten
• †Bimuria
• 

  Fossilized stems from the Carboniferous-Permian horsetail relative Calamites
  †Calamites
  • †Calamites cisti
  • †Calamites goepperti
  • †Calamites suckowi
  • †Calamites suckowii
  • †Calamites undulatus
• †Campbelloceras
• †Caninia
• †Carinamala
• †Cavusgnathus
• †Cedaria
• †Christiania
• †Cladodus – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• †Cleiothyridina
• †Composita
  • †Composita subquadrata
• †Conocardium
• †Cordaites
• †Cornulites
• †Crania
• †Crepipora
• 

  Fossil of the Carboniferous shark Ctenacanthus
  †Ctenacanthus
  • †Ctenacanthus elegans
• †Ctenerpeton
• †Cyclopteris
• †Cystodictya
• †Decadocrinus
• †Deiracephalus
• †Dicoelosia
• †Diplichnites
  • †Diplichnites gouldi
• †Dolorthoceras
• †Fenestella
• †Girvanella
• †Glyptagnostus
  • †Glyptagnostus reticulatus
• †Gnathodus
  • †Gnathodus bilineatus
• †Hindeodus
  • †Hindeodus minutus
• †Innitagnostus
• †Kingstonia
  • †Kingstonia appalachia
• †Kouphichnium
• 

  Restoration of the Carboniferous-Late Triassic club moss relative Lepidodendron. Eli Heimans (1911).
  †Lepidodendron
  • †Lepidodendron aculeatum
  • †Lepidodendron obovatum
• †Lepidostrobus
• †Limnosaurus – type locality for genus
• †Lingulella
  • †Lingulella alabamensis
  • †Lingulella lirata
  • †Lingulella pachyderma
• †Lochriea
• †Lyginopteris
  • †Lyginopteris hoeninghausi
• †Meristina – tentative report
• †Naticopsis
• Nucula
• †Obolus
• †Paladin
• 

  Fossils of the Late Devonian-Permian fern-like fronds Pecopteris
  †Pecopteris
  • †Pecopteris arborescens
• †Pentremites
  • †Pentremites laminatus
  • †Pentremites tulipaformis
• †Petalodus – tentative report
• †Pinnularia
• †Platyceras
• †Platycrinites
• †Rachis
• 

  Fossilized stump of the Carboniferous-Permian club moss relative Sigillaria
  †Sigillaria
  • †Sigillaria elegans
  • †Sigillaria ichthyolepis
  • †Sigillaria scutella
  • †Sigillaria scutellata
• †Skenidioides
• †Solenopora
• †Sphenophyllum
  • †Sphenophyllum cuneifolium
  • †Sphenophyllum emarginatum
• 

  Fossilized foliage of the Late-Devonian-Cretaceous seed fern Sphenopteris
  †Sphenopteris
  • †Sphenopteris brongniarti
  • †Sphenopteris elegans
  • †Sphenopteris herbacea
  • †Sphenopteris pottsvillea
  • †Sphenopteris pseudocristata
  • †Sphenopteris schatzlarensis
• Spirorbis
• †Treptichnus
• †Undichna

Mesozoic

Selected Mesozoic taxa of Alabama

• Acirsa
• Acmaea
• †Acteon
• †Agerostrea
• †Albertosaurus
• †Albula
• †Ampullina
• †Ancilla
• †Anomia
• †Anomoeodus
• 

  Fossilized skull and skeleton of the Late Cretaceous primitive tyrannosaur Appalachiosaurus
  †Appalachiosaurus – type locality for genus
  • †Appalachiosaurus montgomeriensis – type locality for species
• Arca
• Architectonica
• Arrhoges
• Astarte
• †Avellana
• †Avitelmessus
  • †Avitelmessus grapsoideus
• 

  Fossilized shell of the Late Cretaceous ammonoid cephalopod Baculites
  †Baculites
  • †Baculites arculus
  • †Baculites asper – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Baculites capensis
  • †Baculites tippahensis
• †Bananogmius
  • †Bananogmius crieleyi – type locality for species
  • †Bananogmius zitteli – or unidentified comparable form
• †Banis
• Barbatia
• †Belemnitella
  • †Belemnitella americana
• †Belemnitida
• 

  Fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous bony fish Belonostomus
  †Belonostomus
• Botula
  • †Botula carolinensis
  • †Botula conchafodentis
  • †Botula ripleyana
• Brachidontes – tentative report
• †Bulla – tentative report
• Cadulus
• Caestocorbula
  • †Caestocorbula crassaplica
  • †Caestocorbula crassiplica
  • †Caestocorbula percompressa
  • †Caestocorbula suffalciata
  • †Caestocorbula terramaria
• Callianassa
  • †Callianassa mortoni
• †Calliomphalus
  • †Calliomphalus americanus
  • †Calliomphalus nudus
• Calyptraea
• 

  Shells of modern Capulus cap sea snails
  Capulus
• †Caveola
• Cerithiella
  • †Cerithiella nodoliratum – or unidentified related form
  • †Cerithiella semirugatum
• Cerithiopsis
• Cerithium
• Charonia
• †Chelosphargis
  • †Chelosphargis advena – or unidentified comparable form
• Chlamys
• †Chondrites
• Cidaris
• †Cimolichthys
  • †Cimolichthys nepaholica
• Clavagella
• 

  Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous mosasaurid Clidastes
  †Clidastes
  • †Clidastes liodontus
  • †Clidastes propython – type locality for species
• Cliona
• Corbula
• †Corsochelys – type locality for genus
• Crassostrea
• †Crenella
  • †Crenella elegantula
  • †Crenella senica
  • †Crenella serica
• †Cretolamna
  • †Cretolamna appendiculata
• 

  Restoration of the Late Cretaceous shark Cretoxyrhina, or the Ginsu shark
  †Cretoxyrhina
  • †Cretoxyrhina mantelli
• Crucibulum
• Ctenochelys – type locality for genus
  • †Ctenochelys acris – type locality for species
  • †Ctenochelys tenuitesta – type locality for species
• Cucullaea
  • †Cucullaea capax
  • †Cucullaea littlei
  • †Cucullaea powersi – or unidentified comparable form
• Cuspidaria
  • †Cuspidaria ampulla
  • †Cuspidaria grandis
  • †Cuspidaria grovensis
  • †Cuspidaria jerseyensis – or unidentified comparable form
• Cylichna
  • †Cylichna diversilirata
  • †Cylichna incisa
• †Cymella
• Cypraea – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• Dasmosmilia
  • †Dasmosmilia kochii
  • †Dasmosmilia reesidi
• 

  Shell of a Dentalium tusk shell
  †Dentalium
  • †Dentalium leve
  • †Dentalium pauperculum
  • †Dentalium ripleyana
• †Discosaurus
  • †Discosaurus vetustus
• †Discoscaphites
  • †Discoscaphites conradi
  • †Discoscaphites iris
• †Dolicholatirus
• †Ecphora
• Edaphodon
  • †Edaphodon barberi – type locality for species
  • †Edaphodon mirificus
• †Enchodus
  • †Enchodus petrosus
  • †Enchodus saevus – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  Restoration of the Late Cretaceous duck-billed dinosaur Eotrachodon
  †Eotrachodon – type locality for genus
  • †Eotrachodon orientalis – type locality for species
• †Epitonium
  • †Epitonium sillimani
• †Eulima
  • †Eulima gracilistylis
  • †Eulima monmouthensis
• †Euspira
• †Eutrephoceras
• †Exogyra
  • †Exogyra costata
  • †Exogyra ponderosa
  • †Exogyra upatoiensis
• Fusinus
• †Gegania
• Gemmula
• †Gervillia
• 

  Illustration of a reconstructed skull of the Late Cretaceous mosasaur Globidens
  †Globidens – type locality for genus
  • †Globidens alabamensis – type locality for species
• Glossus
• Glycymeris
  • †Glycymeris hamula
  • †Glycymeris rotundata
  • †Glycymeris subaustralis
• †Halimornis – type locality for genus
  • †Halimornis thompsoni – type locality for species
• †Halisaurus
  • †Halisaurus sternbergi
• †Hamulus
• Haustator
• †Helicoceras
• Hoplopteryx – tentative report
• †Hybodus
• †Ichthyodectes
  • †Ichthyodectes ctenodon – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  Restoration of the Late Cretaceous toothed bird Ichthyornis
  †Ichthyornis – type locality for genus
  • †Ichthyornis dispar – type locality for species
• †Inoceramus
• †Ischyrhiza
  • †Ischyrhiza mira
• Isognomon
• Lima
• Limatula
• †Linearis
• †Linter
• †Linthia
• Lithophaga
• Lopha
  • †Lopha falcata
  • †Lopha mesenterica
  • †Lopha ucheensis
• 

  Illustration of a fossilized skull of the Late Cretaceous duck-billed dinosaur Lophorhothon
  †Lophorhothon – type locality for genus
  • †Lophorhothon atopus – type locality for species
• †Loxotoma
• †Lucina
• Martesia
• †Mathilda
• †Megalocoelacanthus – type locality for genus
  • †Megalocoelacanthus dobiei – type locality for species
• Menippe
• †Modiolus
  • †Modiolus sedesclaris
  • †Modiolus sedesclarus
  • †Modiolus trigonus
• †Moorevillia – type locality for genus
• †Morea
• †Neithea
  • †Neithea bexarensis
  • †Neithea quinquecostata
  • †Neithea quinquecostatus
• Nozeba
• Nucula
  • †Nucula camia
  • †Nucula cuneifrons
  • †Nucula percrassa
  • †Nucula severnensis
• Odontaspis
• Ostrea
• †Pachydiscus
• †Pachymelania – tentative report
• 

  Fossilized skeletons of the Late Cretaceous bony fish Pachyrhizodus
  †Pachyrhizodus
  • †Pachyrhizodus caninus
  • †Pachyrhizodus kingi
  • †Pachyrhizodus minimus
• Pagurus
  • †Pagurus convexus – type locality for species
• Panopea
• †Paranomia
• †Pecten
• Pholadomya
  • †Pholadomya occidentalis
  • †Pholadomya tippana
• †Pinna
• †Placenticeras
  • †Placenticeras benningi
• †Plagiostoma
• †Platecarpus
• Plicatula
• Polinices
• 

  Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous polycotylid plesiosaur Polycotylus giving birth
  †Polycotylus
  • †Polycotylus latipinnis
• †Prognathodon
• †Protocardia
• †Protosphyraena
  • †Protosphyraena nitida – tentative report
• †Protostega
  • †Protostega dixie – type locality for species
  • †Protostega gigas
• †Pseudocorax
  • †Pseudocorax affinis
  • †Pseudocorax laevis
• †Pteria
• †Pterotrigonia
  • †Pterotrigonia angulicostata
  • †Pterotrigonia cerulea
  • †Pterotrigonia eufalensis
  • †Pterotrigonia eufaulensis
  • †Pterotrigonia thoracica
• †Ptychodus
  • †Ptychodus mortoni
  • †Ptychodus polygyrus
• †Ptychotrygon
• Pycnodonte
  • †Pycnodonte belli
  • †Pycnodonte mutabilis
  • †Pycnodonte vesicularis
  • †Pycnodonte wratheri
• Ringicula
  • †Ringicula clarki
  • †Ringicula pulchella
• Rissoina
• Rostellaria – tentative report
• †Sargana
• †Saurocephalus
  • †Saurocephalus lanciformis – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  Restoration of the Late Cretaceous bony fish Saurodon
  †Saurodon
  • †Saurodon leanus
• †Saurornitholestes – or unidentified comparable form
• †Scapanorhynchus
  • †Scapanorhynchus rapax
  • †Scapanorhynchus rhaphiodon
• †Scaphites
• †Schizobasis
• 

  Mounted fossilized skull and neck of the Late Cretaceous mosasaur Selmasaurus
  †Selmasaurus – type locality for genus
  • †Selmasaurus russelli – type locality for species
• Serpula
• Solemya
• †Sphenodiscus
  • †Sphenodiscus lobatus
  • †Sphenodiscus pleurisepta
• †Spirorbula
• Spondylus
• 

  Restoration of the Late Cretaceous shark Squalicorax
  Squalicorax
  • †Squalicorax falcatus
  • †Squalicorax pristodontus
• †Stratodus
• Teinostoma
• Tellina
• †Tenea
• Teredo
• †Thalassinoides
• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous sea turtle Toxochelys
  †Toxochelys
• Trachycardium
  • †Trachycardium efaulense
  • †Trachycardium eufaulense
  • †Trachycardium eufaulensis
• Turritella
  • †Turritella bilira
  • †Turritella chalybeatensis
  • †Turritella forgemoli – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Turritella hilgardi
  • †Turritella paravertebroides
  • †Turritella tippana
  • †Turritella trilira
  • †Turritella vertebroides
• 

  Restoration of the Late Cretaceous mosasaur Tylosaurus
  †Tylosaurus
  • †Tylosaurus zangerli
• Xenophora
• †Xiphactinus
  • †Xiphactinus audax

Cenozoic

Selected Cenozoic taxa of Alabama

• Abra
• Acanthocardia
• Accipiter
  • 

    Living adult (center) and chick (lower right) Accipiter striatus, or sharp-shinned hawks
    †Accipiter striatus
• Acirsa
• Aclis – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• Acropora
• Acteocina
• Acteon
• †Adeorbis – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• Aequipecten
• Aetobatus
• Agaronia
• Alaba
• Albula
• †Allomorone – type locality for genus
• 

  A living Alopias, or thresher shark
  Alopias
• Amaura
• †Ambystoma
• Ampheristus
• †Ampullina
• Amusium
• Anas
  • †Anas crecca
  • †Anas platyrhynchos
• Ancilla
• Angaria – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• Angulus
• Anodontia
• Anolis
  • †Anolis carolinensis
• Anomia
• Antalis
• Apalone
  • †Apalone spinifera
• †Aphelops
• Aplodinotus – tentative report
• Aporrhais
• Arca
• Architectonica
• †Arctodus
  • †Arctodus simus
• †Area
• Argobuccinum
• Argyrotheca
• Astarte
• Asthenotoma
• Astrangia
• Astyris
• Athleta
• Atrina
• 

  Restoration of the Paleocene-Miocene nautiloid cephalopod Aturia
  †Aturia
• Atys
• Aythya
  • †Aythya collaris
  • †Aythya valisineria – or unidentified comparable form
• Bactridium
• †Baculites
• Balanophyllia
• Balanus
• †Baluchicardia
• Barbatia
• Barnea
• Bartramia
  • †Bartramia longicauda
• 

  Life restoration of a pod of the Eocene whale Basilosaurus
  †Basilosaurus
  • †Basilosaurus cetoides
• Bathytoma
  • †Bathytoma nonplicata – or unidentified comparable form
• †Belosaepia
• Bison
  • †Bison antiquus
• Bittium
• Blarina
  • †Blarina carolinensis
• Bonasa
  • †Bonasa umbellus
• †Bonellitia
• Botula
  • †Botula carolinensis
• Brachidontes
• Branta
  • 

    A living Branta canadensis, or Canada goose
    †Branta canadensis
• Bufo
  • †Bufo americanus
  • †Bufo woodhousei
• Bullia
• †Burnhamia
• Busycon
• Cadulus
• Caestocorbula
• Callianassa
• 

  A living Calliostoma top sea snail
  Calliostoma
• Callista
• Calyptraea
• Campanile
• Cancellaria
  • †Cancellaria costata
• Canis
  • †Canis rufus
• Cantharus
• Capulus
• Carcharhinus
• Carcharias
• Carphophis
• Caryophyllia
• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene giant beaver Castoroides
  †Castoroides
• †Catenicella
• Catoptrophorus
  • †Catoptrophorus semipalmatus
• Centroberyx
• Cerithiella
• Cerithiopsis
• Cerithium – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• Cervus
  • †Cervus elaphus
• Chama
• Charonia
• Chiton
• Chlamys
• †Chlorophthalmus – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• Chrysemys
  • †Chrysemys picta
• †Chrysodomus – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• Cibicides
• Cidaris
• Cirsotrema
• Clavatula – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• 

  Multiple views of a fossilized shell of the Paleocene-Pliocene spindle sea snail Clavilithes
  Clavilithes
• Cliona
• Closia
• Clypeaster
• Cochlespira
• Codakia – tentative report
• Colinus
  • †Colinus virginianus
• Coluber
  • †Coluber constrictor
• Columbellopsis
• Conomitra
• †Conorbis
• Conus
• Corbicula – tentative report
• Corbula
• Cordieria
• †Cormohipparion
• †Corvina
• Corvus
  • †Corvus corax
• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene pantodont mammal Coryphodon. Heinrich Harder (1920).
  †Coryphodon
• Crassostrea
  • †Crassostrea alabamiensis
• Crenella
• Crepidula
• Crisia
• †Crommium
• Crotalus
  • †Crotalus horridus
• Cryptobranchus
  • †Cryptobranchus alleganiensis
• Cucullaea
• Cultellus
• Cuna
• Cuspidaria
• Cyanocitta
  • †Cyanocitta cristata
• Cygnus
• Cylichna
• †Cylindracanthus
• Cyllene – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Eocene whale Cynthiacetus
  †Cynthiacetus
• Cypraea
• Cypraedia
• †Cytherideis
• Daphnella
• Dasyatis
• Dasypus
  • †Dasypus bellus
• Dendrophyllia
• Dentalium
• Desmognathus
  • †Desmognathus ochrophaeus
• Diadophis
  • †Diadophis punctatus
• Dichocoenia
• †Dinematichthys
• †Dinohyus
  • †Dinohyus hollandi – or unidentified related form
• Diodon – tentative report
• Diodora
• Discorbis
• Distorsio
• †Dolicholatirus – tentative report
• Donax
• Dorsanum
• Dosinia – tentative report
• Dumetella
  • †Dumetella carolinensis
• †Echinopsis – tentative report
• †Ectopistes
  • 

    Taxidermied male Ectopistes migratorius, or passenger pigeon
    †Ectopistes migratorius
• †Egertonia
• Elaphe
  • †Elaphe guttata – or unidentified comparable form
  • †Elaphe vulpina
• †Elimia
• Emarginula
• †Eosurcula
• †Epicyon
  • †Epicyon haydeni – or unidentified comparable form
• Epitonium
• Eptesicus
  • †Eptesicus fuscus
• Equus
• Ervilia
• Erycina
• Eulima
• Eulimella – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• Eupleura
• †Eurycea
• Euspira
• Euthria
• 

  Illustration in multiple views of a fossilized shell of the Late Jurassic-Miocene nautiloid cephalopod Eutrephoceras
  †Eutrephoceras
• Evalea
• †Exilia
• †Exogyra
  • †Exogyra costata
• Falco
  • †Falco sparverius
• †Ficopsis
• Fimbria
• Fissurella
• Flabellum
• Fulgurofusus
• Fustiaria
• 

  A living Galeocerdo requiem shark
  Galeocerdo
• Galeodea
• Galeorhinus
• Gari
• Gastrochaena
• Gavia
  • †Gavia immer
• Gegania
• Gemma
• Genota
• Geodia
• 

  Life restoration of the Eocene whale Georgiacetus
  †Georgiacetus
  • †Georgiacetus vogtlensis
• †Gigantostrea
• Ginglymostoma
• Glossus
• Glycymeris
• Glyptoactis
• Goniopora
• Graptemys
  • †Graptemys geographica
• 

  A living Grus americana, or whooping crane
  Grus
• Gyroidina
• Haliaeetus
  • †Haliaeetus leucocephalus – or unidentified comparable form
• †Hamulus
• Hastula
• Haustator
• Hemipristis
  • †Hemipristis curvatus
• †Hemisurcula
• Heterodon
  • †Heterodon platirhinos – or unidentified comparable form
• 

  A living Heterodontus, or bullhead shark
  Heterodontus
• Hexaplex
• Hipponix
• Hyla
  • †Hyla gratiosa
• †Hyposaurus
  • †Hyposaurus rogersii
• Isognomon
• †Jefitchia
• Kuphus
• †Lacunaria
• Laevicardium
• Lamna
• 

  Close-up of the head of a Lampropeltis , or kingsnake
  Lampropeltis
  • †Lampropeltis getulus
  • †Lampropeltis triangulum
• Latirus
• †Ledina
• Lepton
• Limacina
• Limaria
• Linga
• †Linthia
• †Linuparus
• Lithophaga
  • †Lithophaga nigra – or unidentified related form
• 

  Lithophyllum red algae
  Lithophyllum – tentative report
• Lithothamnion – tentative report
• Longchaeus
• Lopha
• Lucina
• Lunularia
• Lynx
  • †Lynx rufus
• Macoma
• Macrocallista
• †Mammut
  • 

    Restoration of a Mammut americanum, or American mastodon
    †Mammut americanum
• †Mammuthus
  • †Mammuthus columbi
• Margaretta
• Marginella
• Martesia
• †Mastigophora
• †Mathilda
• †Megalonyx
  • †Megalonyx jeffersonii
• Melanella
• Melanerpes
  • †Melanerpes carolinus – or unidentified comparable form
• Melanopsis
• Meleagris
  • 

    A wild male Meleagris gallopavo, or turkey, displaying his facial coloration and tail feathers to attract a female
    †Meleagris gallopavo
• Membranipora
• Meretrix
• Mergus
• Mesalia
• Mesophyllum
• Metula
• †Michela
• Microdrillia
• Micropora
• Microtus
  • †Microtus pennsylvanicus
• Mitrella
• Mitrolumna
• Modiolus
• Murex
• Murexiella
• Myliobatis
• 

  Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Holocene peccary Mylohyus
  †Mylohyus
  • †Mylohyus fossilis
• Myotis
  • †Myotis lucifugus
• †Nannippus
• Narona
• Nassarius
• Natica
• Naticarius
• Nebrius
• Negaprion
• †Nemipterus
• 

  Life restoration of a herd of Neohipparion. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).
  †Neohipparion
• Neotoma
  • †Neotoma floridana
• Neritina
• Nerodia
• Neverita
• Niso
• Norrisia
• Nucula
• Nycticeius
  • †Nycticeius humeralis
• Oculina – type locality for genus
• Odocoileus
  • 

    A living Odocoileus virginianus, or white-tailed deer
    †Odocoileus virginianus
• Odontaspis
• Odostomia
• Oliva
• Olivella
• Opheodrys
  • †Opheodrys aestivus
• Ostrea
• †Otodus
• Otus
  • †Otus asio
• †Oxyrhina
• †Pachecoa
• 

  Restoration of the Cretaceous-Eocene sea snake Palaeophis
  †Palaeophis
• Panopea
• Panthera
  • †Panthera onca
• Pasithea
• Pecten
• †Pediomeryx
• Pekania
  • †Pekania pennanti
• Pelecyora
• Penion
• Peromyscus
• Petricola
• Phalium
• Philine
• Pholadomya
• 

  Shell of a Pholas, or angelwing
  Pholas
• Phos
• Phyllodus
• Pica
  • †Pica pica
• Picoides
  • †Picoides villosus – or unidentified comparable form
• Pinna
• Pipistrellus
• Piranga
  • †Piranga olivacea – or unidentified comparable form
• Pitar
• †Planaria – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• Planorbis – or unidentified comparable form
• †Pleiolama
• Plethodon
  • 

    A living Plethodon glutinosus, or northern slimy salamander
    †Plethodon glutinosus
• Pleurofusia
• Pleuromeris
• †Pleurostoma
• Pleurotomaria – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• Pleurotomella
• Plicatula
• Podilymbus
  • †Podilymbus podiceps
• 

  Shell of a Poirieria murex snail
  Poirieria
• Polinices
• Polyschides
• Pomatodelphis
• †Pontogeneus
• Porella
• Porina
• †Potamides – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• Pristis
• Propeamussium
• †Protocardia
• 

  Fossilized skeleton of the Miocene horse Protohippus
  †Protohippus
• Prunum
• Pseudemys
• †Pseudolatirus
• Pseudoliva
• Pteria
• Pterothrissus
• Pterynotus
• Pycnodonte
• Pyramidella
• †Pyrgulina
• Quinqueloculina
• Quiscalus
  • †Quiscalus quiscula
• Raja
• †Rana
  • †Rana catesbeiana
  • †Rana pipiens
• Rangifer
  • 

    A living Rangifer tarandus, or reindeer
    †Rangifer tarandus
• Raphitoma
• Reithrodontomys
• Reteporella
• Retusa
• Rhinobatos
• Rhinoclavis
• Rhinoptera
• Rhizoprionodon
• Rhynchoconger
• Rimella
• Ringicula
• 

  Fossilized shells of the sea snail Rissoina
  Rissoina
• Rostellaria
• †Rotularia
• Sassia
• Sayornis
  • †Sayornis phoebe – or unidentified comparable form
• Scaphander
• Scaphella
• †Sceptrum
• Schizaster
• 

  Illustration of a close-up view of a Schizoporella bryozoan ("moss animal")
  Schizoporella
• Scolopax
  • †Scolopax minor
• Scyliorhinus
• Seila
• Semele
• Serpula
• Serpulorbis
• Siderastrea
• Sigatica
• Sinum
• Siphonalia
• Siphonochelus
• Skena
• Skenea
• 

  Life restoration of the Pleistocene-Holocene saber-tooth cat Smilodon
  †Smilodon
  • †Smilodon fatalis
• Solariella
• Solemya
• Sorex
• Sphyraena – tentative report
• Sphyrna
• Spilogale – tentative report
  • †Spilogale putorius
• Spirorbis
• †Spirorbula – tentative report
• Spisula
• Spondylus
• Sterna
• Stomachetosella
• Storeria
• 

  Fossilized teeth of the Paleocene-Miocene sandshark Striatolamia
  †Striatolamia
• Strioturbonilla
• Strix
  • †Strix varia – or unidentified comparable form
• Strombus
• Stylophora
• Sveltella
• Sveltia
• Sylvilagus
• †Synthetoceras
  • †Synthetoceras tricornatus – or unidentified comparable form
• Tapirus
• Teinostoma
• 

  Restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene rhinoceros Teleoceras
  †Teleoceras
• Tellina
• Temnocidaris – tentative report
• Tenagodus
• Terebra
• Teredo
• Textularia
• Thamnophis
  • †Thamnophis sirtalis
• Thiara
• Tornus
• Trachyphyllia
• 

  Illustration of a living Trichiurus cutlassfish
  Trichiurus
• Trigonostoma
• †Trinacria
• Trionyx
• Triphora
• †Tripia
• Trochita
• Trochus – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• Trophon
• Turbinella – or unidentified related form
• Turbo – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• Turbonilla
• Turdus
  • 

    A living Turdus migratorius, or American robin
    †Turdus migratorius
• Turricula
• Turris
• Turritella
• Tylocidaris
• Tympanuchus
  • †Tympanuchus cupido
• Umbraculum
• Ursus
  • †Ursus americanus
• Venericardia
• Verticordia
• Vitrinella
• †Volvariella
• Xenophora
• Xylophaga
• Yoldia
• 

  Life restoration of the Eocene whale Zygorhiza
  †Zygorhiza
  • †Zygorhiza kochii – type locality for species